Future diaries

Readers who enjoyed the diary of Jones should check back again in a few months as the Special Collection Dept. begins blogging the diaries of Micajah Woods of the Virginia Horse Artillery, John Cowdery Taylor in the defense of Vicksburg, and Clara Shafer, a Richmond woman who witnessed the fall of the city in 1865.

Undated

MEMORANDA

Jackson's Stone Wall Brigade
A tribute to Jackson's Command

"Look, men," cried Gen. Bee -
"At yonder ranks - and see
Jackson's brigade Standing firm
Looking resolute and stern
As a Stone Wall,"

Then that brave man fell,
though he always will dwell
in our hearts -- for we know
The tribute he paid to
The Stone wall Brigade.

Those men paid for that name,
and for their dear bought fame
Long they Stood, and well
Did they fight -- and many fell
From that stone wall

Jackson -- brave man, is at their head
He and his men are the yankees dread
For they fight with the heart and hand;
And they ne'er retreat, but stand
"Like a stone wall."

And to the latest age,
Will be seen on history's page,
The honored, glorius name
Which will always live to fame,
Jackson's Stone wall brigade.

Written in ink in Jones' hand

Friday [November] 22 [1861]

To day very Pleasant
Col. Spitler's Regt moved
down near Charlestown
today

Mann Spitler (1825- ) was Colonel of the 97th Virginia Militia, from Page County. Civil War Sites and Stories of Luray and Page County, Virginia (2002) mentions Spitler--and prints two photographs of his house. RKK

There are no more dated entries in the diary other than a list of expenses on pages in early Dec. Beginning in the "Memoranda" section at the back of the
diary are three pages of drilling instructions.

The Special Collections Dept. is seeking more information about Harrison Jones. Did he continue with the Stonewall Brigade but give up keeping the diary? Are there any other known diaries or letters? Any information is appreciated.

Thursday, November 21, 1861

To day was very plea
sant we made our fire
place to day. it does
very well -- makes the
tent very comfortable

Wednesday [November] 20 [1861]

To day we moved our
camp about four miles
North of Winchester, we
worked hard this evening
fixing up our tent &
beds.

Tuesday [November] 19 [1861]

The weather quite
cool to day, one of
the regt's moved to
day below Winchester

Sunday [November] 17 [1861]

Strasburg. to day was
cool. I went to the
Co. to day; & was glad
t0 see the boys. I found
the most of them well
they are camped near
Kernstown.

Saturday [November] 16 [1861]

Strasburg. a very and
damp & unpleasant
day.

Friday, November 15, 1861

Strasburg. It rained
considerable to day
we unloaded the bag
gage to day & put it
in a warehouse

Thursday [November] 14 [1861]

Gainesville. We left
Gainesville about Seven
O-clock this morning
got to Strasburg at
night. Slept on the
cars. it commenced
raining this evening.

Friday, October 25, 1861

[on the page for October 25, 26, and 27, Jones has recorded the amounts of grain taken to a mill. He made no additional entries until November 14, 1861]

[Thursday October 24 1861]

[No entries made this day}

[Wednesday, October 23, 1861]

[No entry made this day]

October 22, 1861

Suppose to be
about 800 drownded
about 200 killed &
wounded on our side
the prisoner taken
was very well clad

Monday [October] 21 [1861]

Our forces gained
quite a victory to day
at Leesburg. our force
was composed of the
8th Va 18th & 19th Miss
against about 4000
of the enemy. 661
of the enemy taken
prisoners, about 400
killed & wounded

[Battle of Ball's Bluff or Leesburg, Va. Forces
were about 1700 on each side. But in losses
the Federals had 49 killed, 148 wounded, and 714 missing,
many of whom drowned for 921 casualties. Confederates
lost 36 filled, 117 wounded, 2 missing for 155 casualties.
Civil War Day By Day p. 129.
"The 19th Mississippi had nothing to do with Ball's Bluff.
The 8th Virginia is right, and the 18th Mississippi bore
the biggest brunt by far. The 13th & 17th Mississippi
(same brigade as the 18th) were there too." Robert K. Krick]

Monday [October] 14 [1861]

Manassas Juntion.
the day was pleasant
& Lauch stayed with
me last night. there
was some heavy firing
to day in the direction
of [?]

Sunday, October 13, 1861

Today was a lone
some day with me
surrounded by strangers
one is likely to be
lonely. the day was
quite cool

Saturday [Ocotber] 12 [1861]

Manassas
To day was cool we
had the trouble of
moving our baggage to
day across the [?]
road. an artillery Co
arrived here to day
with Six pieces

Friday [October] 11 [1861]

Manassas

this evening
there was a very hard
rain & quite a windstorm
during the night. I was
afraid the tent would
blow over

Thursday, October 10, 1861

Farfax Station

To day
I went up to Manassas
with the baggage, we
were a long time coming up owing to
the freshet having
inured the bridges

Wednesday [October] 9 [1861]

Farfax Station

the weather
pleasant nothing occurred
to day of moment

Monday, October 7^'10' 1861

there was a fight
today at Belmont
Kentucky our forces
gained another victory
Gen Pillow commanded
our forces

Friday [September] 27 [1861]

quite a rain last night
& to day, accompanied
by high wind. our tents
haveing been blowing
over

Thursday [September] 26 [1861]

there was a fight
to day between about
6 thousand of the enemy
and 2 thousand of ours. we
had one man killed & one
wounded. the enemy were
driven back with consid
erable loss it is supposed

Perhaps Jones is referring to the Federal reconnaisance to Lewinsville on September 25.

Wednesday, September 25, 1861

[no entry this day]

Tuesday [September] 24 [1861]

to day Mr Cullers came
down a[nd] brought several
boxes for the company

Perhaps the father of Joseph Cullers, a private in Company H

Sunday, September 22, 1861

I went up to the
hospital to assist in
burying Joseph B. Baker
one of our Co. he died
of typhoid fever

Friday [September] 20 [1861]

[No entry made this day]

Thursday , September 19, 1861

The morning very damp
& foggy.

Wednesday [September] 18 [1861]

The morning very foggy &
damp. nothing of interest
transpired to day. the weath
er continues warm. there is
a report that seventeen
of our men was taken
prisoners to day. I think
there is not foundation
for the report

Tuesday [September] 17 [1861]

The morning very damp
and foggy. four of our
men came in last night
that had been home
there was a very hard rain
this evening. the 2nd Regt
of our brigade went down
on Picket this evening

Monday, September 16, 1861

to day we was ordered to
get ready to march. by eight
o'clock, a little after that
time we started with our
face towards Alex. we
stoped near farfax Court
house. we have a tolerable
place for a encampment
water very good rather scarce

Sunday [September] 15 [1861]

It was extremely warm to
day I went up to the Junck
tion. there is nothing going
of much interest. I heard
a very good sermon to
day delivered by Col.
Pendleton of the Rockbridge
artilery. We had a chaplain
apprentice to our Regt the
other day. he also preached

Col. William N. Pendleton, a West Point graduate and an Episcopal rector from Lexington, christened the Artillery's four cannon Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John.

Saturday [September] 14 [1861]

The morning is beautifull
the nights are little cool
telling us that the winter with
its cold & stormy blast is approaching.
Beauregard has moved his
head quarters down near
farfax Station. I am on duty
to day guarding prisoners to & from
court martial

Friday September 13 1861

Centerville. the weather
quite warm. but clear
there was a review to day
for this brigade. Generals
Johnston & Jackson favored
us with their presence
last night I heard a very
good prayer from the
Chaplain of the Regt.

Thursday [September] 12 [1861]

the morning is beautifull
there was a tremendous rain
last night. I was on duty
and a disagreeable night
it was. The Washington
artilery passed down this
morning, a very fine Co.
Gen. Johnston moved his head
quarters to Farfax court house

Wednesday [September] 11 [1861]

the day was cloudy
nothing of importance
occurred to day. there was
Some firing of cannon
in the direction of Alex.

Tuesday, September 10, 1861

Centerville. the weather
very pleasant. the Com
pany was very much cheered up to day. it
being pay day

Monday [September] 9 [1861]

Centerville. the weather
is pleasant to day. Mr
Bell & Grayson was to
see us yesterday
quite a firing of cannon
yesterday in the direc
tion of Alex

Perhaps the Benjamin F. Grayson who was sheriff of Page County

Sunday [September] 8 [1861]

Centerville, the morning
pleasant; I went to the
hospital to see Charles
Chadduck. & some others
at hospital. they seem
to be improving. Bishop
Johns preached at Gen
Jacksons head quarters
he is a very able man

Sgt. Charles T. Chadduck (born 1835) made lieutenant November 28. Captured May 10, 1864, at Spotsylvania. Exchanged December 13, 1864, from Beaufort. S. C. Spratt. Page County, Virginia men in gray.

The Right Reverend John Johns (1796-1876) was the fourth Episcopal bishop of Virginia and also 15th president of the College of William and Mary. After the war he served as president and professor of pastoral theology at the Virginia Theological Seminary in Alexandria. He regularly visited the camps, tended wounded on the battlefield and preached to Union soldiers in Libby Prison.

Saturday, September 7, 1861

Centerville. the weather
pleasant every thing quiet
to day. we are drilling regularly. which is very
beneficial to us, both in
regard to our health & getting
a knowledge of military tactics

Friday [September] 6 [1861]

Centerville. the weather
quite pleasant there
was nothing of importance
occurred to day

Thursday [September 5] [1861]

The weather pretty warm
our forces are steadily
advancing toward Alex
some fighting between
the pickets to day
I believe

Wednesday, September 4, 1861

The weather damp & rainy.
We heard very distinchly firing
of cannon in the direction of
Alexandria to day. it is sup
posed there was some fighting
between the pickets. I was
taken with diorhoera to
day.

Tuesday [September] 3 [1861]

another very pleasant day
Joe Almond came down to
see us to day & left next
morning. nothing occurred
today of much interest

Monday [September] 2 [1861]

a pleasant day. the
weather clear and beauti
full. nothing to day
of any particular
interest

Sundat, September 1, 1861

a very pleasant day
I heard a excellent sermon
to day the the Rev. Mr
Pendleton -- commander of
a artillery Company
Nothing of much interest
transpired today

William Nelson Pendleton, 1809-1883, an Episcopal priest before and after the war, commanded the Rockbridge Artillery, wounded at First Mannasses, later promoted to Brigadier-General.

Saturday [August] 31[1861]

The weather pleasant
we were mustered in
service to day for the
next two months

Friday [August] 30 [1861]

Nothing of much interest
transpired to day
the weather pleasant
there two prisoners
passed by to day going
toward Manassas

Thursday, August 29, 1861

it is raining again this morning every pros
pect of a rainy day. we
have orders to get ^'ready' to
march again. the
day has passed and we
have not marched yet
the clouds have passed
away & there seems to be a
prospect of a fair day to mor

Wednesday [August] 28 [1861]

we marched nearly
down to farfax Court
house to day. we stoped
about two hours. and
then had orders to face
about and march back
to camp. there being
no need of us. it rained
this evening again

Tuesday [August] 27 [1861]

to day was quiet nothing
of much moment occurred
our pickets took a couple
of prisoners and
carried them to the Juncktion.
it rained considerably
this evening

Monday, August 26, 1861

weather pleasant
morning. we had a march
yesterday evening again
went about two miles &
returned. the alarm false
again

Suday [August] 25 [1861]

a pleasant morning to
day Ambrose & myself were
over a considerable part
of the battlefield of
the 21st. from every ap
pearance the hardest
part of the fighting
was done about 1 1/2 miles
from the stone bridge.

Saturday [August] 24 [1861]

the report yesterday
of the enemy advancing
started from a little
fight between the Pickets
our were forces were march
ing to Vienna very rapidly
when report that the enemy
were advancing upon
that place

Friday, August 23, 1861

the weather pleasant
there was quite an excite
ment to day owing to a
report that enemy were
advancing. we left our
encampment about 4 o'clock
and marched to farfax court
house. we then faced about
and returned to our encampment

Thursday [August] 22 [1861-

today damp and rainy
but not so disagreeable as
last week. I was very much
surprised to hear that John Kite was
dead. he went to the
hospital several days
Ambrose & Six others
have gone over to bury
him

John W. Kite died of typhoid fever on August 21, 1861. [Harlan Jessup. The painful news I have to write, p. 451.]

There were two men named Ambrose in Co. H.: Ambrose M. Myers of whom very little is known and Ambrose Booton Shenk who enlisted as a lieutenant June 6, 1861; made captain November 28, 1861, and was killed in action March 23, 1862. at Kernstown. [Spratt. Page County, Virginia, Men in Gray]

Wednesday [August] 21 [1861]

[no entries were made today]

Tuesday, August 20, 1861

to day was pleasant
it seem to put a new
spieret into our men.
there has been so little
sunshine. to night there
was a full moon. the
night clear & beautiful.

Monday [August] 19 [1861]

Rain rain is an every day
occurence & sunshine an
exception. The damp weath
er seems to [be] affecting our
men very much, without
tents some have taken
colds. the nights are
very cool

Sunday [August] 18 [1861]

Rainy & disagreeable. There
was to have been preaching
in the 28th Regt, B. Brubaker
and myself went over but
the rain prevented our
hearing the sermon.
the report that Gen Lyon
is killed seems to be
confirmed.

B. Brubaker may perhaps be William A. Brubaker, 1834-1917, of Co. H. Enlisted June 1861. Absent sick October 1861- January 1862. To Sergeant February 1862. AWOL April 1862 and reduced to ranks. Wagoner April 1862-April 1865. Paroled at Winchester May 1865. [Spratt. Page County, Virginia Men in Gray]

Saturday, August 17, 1861

Wet muddy & unpleasant
Frank McCullough has
the measles. heard the report
of a battle in Missouri, Gen
Lyon of the Federal army
killed, 800 of the enemy
killed & wounded

Frank McCullough, b. 1843, was listed as present through April 1862. AWOL May 1, 1862. Re-enlisted August 1, 1862, in Company D of the 7th Virginia Cavalry. Detailed as a provost guard in Page County April through August 1864. Farmed in Page County after the war. [Thomas M. Spratt. Page County, Virginia Men in Gray.]

Jones refers to the Battle of Wilson's Creek near Springfield, Missouri on August 10. Union Brigadier General Nathaniel Lyon led outnumbered forces against Confederate General Benjamin McCulloch and Missouri state troops under Sterling Price. Two Confederates charges repulsed the Federals and Lyon was killed rallying his troops. The Federals stopped a third Confederate charge but then withdrew from the field. The hard hit Confederates failed to pursue them and the Union forces retreated south west leaving a large section of Missouri in Confederate control. Jones 's sources underestimated the total enemy casualties. The numbers were given as 258 killed, 873 wounded and 186 missing. The Confederate totals were about 100 fewer. [E.B. Long. The Civil War Day by Day.]

Friday [August] 16 [1861]

This was a very wet &
disagreeable day a good
many of the company
Sick. No drilling to
day the men feel badly
for want of exercise
Capt Reppetoe sick
& low & fevershed.

Thursday [August] 15 [1861]

Today was cool and
pleasant. there was a
report in camp to day
that there was fight near
Leesburg; about 700 hun
dred killed taken
prisoners & several killed
of the enemy

The only action in Virginia the previous week was a skirmish near Grafton, now W. Va.
As Grafton is about 100 miles from Leesburg, the "report in camp" was probably an unfounded rumor

Wednesday, August 14, 1861

this morning took the
cards at F. Royal for the
Juncktion arrived there about
ten o'clock; walk from to
Centerville - got in camp
about 5 o'clock - & found
the company doing
pretty well

Tuesday [August] 13 [1861]

To day I left Home again
for Manassas Juncktion
reached Front Royal about
5 o'clock. called to see
Hite. he is getting much
better. took tea with
Mr Jones and went
after tea to the hotel
& spent the night

Friday, August 2, 1861 through Monday [August] 12 [1861]

Jones makes no entries in his diary, perhaps because of his illness. Some time later another person used these pages to list various accounts and make arrangements for what appears to be a church picnic.

Thursday August 1 [1861]

Come back home sick

Wednes [July] 31 [1861]

Went to look up runaways

Tuesday, July 30, 1861

Home rested

Monday [July] 29 [1861]

Left F[ront] R[oyal] about 8 alone
walked as far as old
Mr Strud[wicks?] at Bentonville
where I got a horse &
rode to Steep Hollow walked
from there to Mr Newman
took dinner borrowed
a horse and rode to Rileyville
and walked from there home
where I arrived about 4 oclock
P. M. and surprised all the folks

Sunday [July] 28 [1861]

Started home
this morning, got
to F[ront] R[oyal] about sundown
after going to see the
wounded went to
Mr Weaver where I passd
the night very comfortably
after having had a
good supper.

Saturday, July 27, 1861

This morning damp & warm
Mr. Chadduck John Baily Col
[Hayger?] & others left for home
today. it is reported today
that we have taken a regi
ment of the enemy prisoners

Friday [July] 26 [1861]

This ^ "is" a biutiful morning
cool & pleasant we were out
on battalion drill, Mr Chad
duck John Baily & others
have gone to see Capt
Youngs company to day
Capt Rappetoe came to
the camp to day he reports
W. F. Hitte very low

A John W. Bailey of Co. H. was killed in action at 1st Manasses on July 21. Could Jones be referring to a visit to the camp by his father to obtain more details about his death? There was, however, no Captain Young associated with the 33rd. A William Townsend Young of Page County was Captain of Co. K of the 10th Virginia. [Page County, Virginia Men in Gray compiled by Thomas M. Spratt.]

William Francis Hite recovered from his wound [Bob Krick], but several months later contracted typhoid fever and died November 17. His brothers John, David and Isaac also fought for the Confederacy. John, also in the 33rd Virginia, was mortally wounded at Gettysburg; David was killed in action at Winchester, September 1864, Isaac lived to be paroled at Appomattox. [Thomas M. Spratt.]

Thursday [July] 25 [1861]

Today several more of
our Page Friends came in
to camp. Mr. Chadduck John
Baily Emmanuel Y Coffman
& several others. the company
received quite a lot of pro
visions from page [Page County] to day
and two private horses [?] which
was very escceptable

Wednesday, July 24, 1861

camp near the Juncktion
today several
of ^ "our" page [county] Friends came
in camp today Dr. rust
Dr. Miller Peter Baret & others
it was quite cheering to
see so many old acquain
tances, and to hear from
home

[Tuesday July 23, 1861]

No entries this day as lengthy entries from the 21st and 22nd ran over into diary space for the 23rd.

Monday [July] 22 [1861]

today it commenced
raining early in the morning
we had our dead & wounded to
attend to in a heavy rain
we came back to the [?] Junck
tion about night & got in small
shed.

Sunday, July 21, 1861

To day after getting an
early breakfast we were
marched at a quick pace
having understood that the
federal forces were making
a attempted to flanke us
about 2 o clock we were
drawn up in line a battle
about the time we got
fairly in line one of our
company was wounded in
the leg -- we remained in
that position some time
exposed to heavy fire --
from the Federal forces
we then fired a round or
two and charged upon the
enemy running them from
their cannon -- our company
lost 6 killed & fifteen
wounded besides several
others marked a little

Saturday [July] 20, [1861]

To day we marched to
and fro through the Country
below the Juncktion and
cornfield about four
miles from the Juncktion
where we camped in the
pine bushes with no blankets
and very scant supper &
breakfast.

Friday [July] 19, [1861]

left Paris about 4 o'clock
this morning and marched
to Piedmont Station to break
fast - after remaining there
several hours we got upon
the cars and run down to
Mannassas Ju^'n'ction we re
mained in the cars all night
there was a fight near the Junction

Thursday, July 18, 1861

Today left Winchester
about 1 o'clock and marched
to reinforce Gen Beauregard
we had a hard march to
day; waded the Shenandoah
river at Berry Ferry and
continued marching until
9 o'clock at night, then
stoped at Paris in Va

Wednesday [July] 17 [1861]

Camp near Winchester
we were marched out to day
for the purpose of leveling
the fences around Winchester
after accomplishing it
we were marched back to
camp were I had a good
nights rest. there is con-
siderable excitement here
today.

Tuesday [July] 16 [1861]

in the entrenchment at Win. the morning is cloudy
We were assigned to Gen. Jackson's
brigade yesterday.

Tuesday [July] 16 [1861]

but the alarm was false
and we retur^ 'n' ed to our camp
after a short time and slept
with our arms ready for action

Monday, July 15, 1861

Camp E. J. smith near
Winchester. this ^ 'is' a beautiful
morning. one of our company
has the measles; our encamp
ment was moved to day to
the entrenchment at Winchester
about 9 o-clock our regiment was
ordered to arms; and thrown into
the entrenchment ready for
fighting

Sunday [July] 14 [1861]

In camp near Winchester
The morning damp and
cloudy. Mr Shuler & several
came down from Page yesterday,
one of our mess got a box of pro-
visions. Mr. Rippetoe preached
a very good sermon this
evening to the regiment.
We had the presence of four
or five ladies.

Mr. Shuler is presumably the father of Michael Shuler, the Roanoke College student who later became the Company's captain.
Mr. Rippetoe is their captain and a Methodist minister.

[Saturday, July 13, 1861]

No entry for this day.

After the Battle of the Wilderness, remnants of the 33rd and several other decimated regiments were combined on May 19th, 1864, under the command of William Terry of the 4th Virginia. Severely wounded at Ft. Stedman, March 25, 1865, Terry survived and later served two terms as a Virginia Congressman and delegate to the Democratic National Convention of 1880.

Friday, July 12, 1861

See Mr Doss about
the tables, saucers
Tumblers & lanterns.
See Mrs. Lowry__
" " Keeson

[Thursday, July 11, 1861]

No entry on this day.

The first captain of the 33rd Virginia was William D. Rippetoe, a 25 year old Methodist minister. In November of 1861 he was succeeded by Ambrose Booten, a 30 year old clerk and salesman in Luray, Va. Booten, the father of two young children, was mortally wounded at Kernstown in March of 1862. He was succeeded by 18 year old Michael Shuler, a native of Page County and a student at Roanoke College. Shuler served in the position for two years before falling in the battle of the Wilderness, May 5, 1864.

"Marching with Stonewall--leaders and men of the 'Page Grays'" From the Page News & Courier, June 4, 1998.

[Wednesday, July 10, 1861]

No entry on this day.

In the movie "Gods and Generals" Thomas J. Jackson addresses the men of the 33rd Virginia stating that he had always been a Union man but the North's bellicosity forced secession on the state and concludes "The Lincoln Administration required us to raise three regiments. Tell them we have done so! Dismissed." The flag of the 33rd Virginia is seen in the opening credits of the movie.

[Tuesday, July 9, 1861]

No entry on this day.

On July 15, 1861, the 33rd Virginia joined with the 2nd, 4th, 5th and 27th regiments to form the First Brigade under Thomas J. Jackson. Reidenbaugh, p. 4.

[Monday, July 8, 1861]

No entry on this day.

Reidenbaugh lists the ten companies in the 33rd Virginia as:
Company A, the Potomac Guards
Company B, the Toms Brook Guard
Company C, the Tenth Legion Minute Men
Company D, the Mountain Rangers
Company E, the Emerald Guard
Company F, the Independent Greys
Company G, the Mount Jackson Rifles
Company H, the Page Grays
Company I, the Rockingham Confederates
Company K, the Shenandoah Sharpshooters

[Sunday July 7, 1861]

No entry on this day.

According to "33rd Virginia" Infantry by Lowell Reidenbaugh Captain William D. Rippetoe organized the Page Grays on June 19, 1861.
On July 15 the Grays became part of the newly formed 33rd Virginia under Colonel Arthur Campbell Cummings, a graduate of the Virginia Military Institute and Mexican War veteran.

[Saturday July 6, 1861-Thursday July 11, 1861]

No diaries entries for these six days

According to "Four Years in the Stonewall Brigade" by John O. Casler, the 33rd remained in camp, receiving equipment (knapsacks, blankets, cartridge boxes, canteens and tents) and sending their civilian clothes home.

Friday [July] 4 [sic] 1861

The Militia are coming
in to day from the differ-
ent Counties

Thursday [July] 4 [1861]

Winchester, this is a
beautiful morning but the
excitement is still on
the increase. the reports
are so condoctory [contradictory] that it
is impossible to form
an idea of what is going
on. There ^ 'is' now about
50 prisoners here. 7 came
in this morning.

Wednesday, July 3, 1861

To-day there is a great
excitement in Winchester
caused by federal
troops crossing the
Potomac opposite Martinsburg
there was a little fight
near Martinsburg. The exact
number killed & wounded
on either side is not certain


[Battle of Falling Waters on 2 July 1861.
"By later standards the affair wasn't much
more than a skirmish, but it was Stonewall
Jackson's very first battle, so gets attention
on that basis." Robert K. Krick]

Tuesday [July] 2 [1861]

This day Martins
serveces [services] commence at 12. for month $2.00
H. B. Jones
    Paid him up to 2nd Aug. $2.00